Lactobionic Acid (LA) is a Polyhydroxy Acid (PHA) that serves as a mild substitute for glycolic and Salicylic Acid. It functions as an anti-oxidant, exfoliant, ph-adjuster, and skin conditioning agent. It is milder that Alpha and Beta-Hydroxy Acids and mild enough to use around the eye area provided the usage rate does not excess 5%.  It is non-stinging/sensitizing and has been visible found to improves skin tome within a few weeks. It is also hydrating and improves the smoothness of rough skin including elbows and knees.